The United States has imposed Mexico tariffs at 25% of the value of the goods (not the cost) on all goods produced in Mexico. Unlike Canada tariffs, there is no reduced tariff for energy products coming from Mexico. There is no specific list of Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) codes that are impacted; instead, it is assumed to cover all products. The 30-day delay provides businesses with some time to assess how these tariffs will affect their operations, but the fundamental changes remain intact.
The De Minimus Rule Change and Its Impact on Mexico Tariffs
The new Executive Orders (EOs) have eliminated the De Minimus loophole for products shipping from or originating in China, Mexico, and Canada. This means that all shipments, regardless of value, will now be subject to the tax. Under previous regulations, shipments valued under $800 were exempt from duties. With the change, eCommerce businesses shipping from Mexico will see all goods subject to the new Mexico tariffs, causing further complications in pricing and logistics. However, this EO did not close the De Minimus loophole for shipments from other countries, offering some relief to businesses outside of North America.
Examples of Tariff Applications
- Goods from Vietnam shipping from Mexico to the USA → Subject to 25% Mexico tariff (Shipping from Mexico)
- Goods from Mexico shipping from the Dominican Republic to the USA → Subject to 25% Mexico tariff (Country of Origin)
- Goods from Morocco shipping to the USA → Not subject to additional tariffs ($800 De Minimus still in force)
Operation Plaza Spike and Drug Trade Crackdown
Launched in April 2024, Operation Plaza Spike targets the fentanyl supply chain entering the U.S. from Mexico and the flow of guns from the U.S. into Mexico. Fentanyl is synthesized in Mexico using precursor chemicals primarily sourced from China. This crackdown has significant implications for the security and stability of the region.
Key Seizures Under Operation Plaza Spike:
- 418,000 pounds of drugs, including more than 15,000 pounds of fentanyl
- 3,000 guns & 654,000 rounds of ammunition
- Overdose deaths down 37% and border seizures down 20% between 2023 and 2024
U.S.-Mexico Law Enforcement Cooperation
The U.S. is enhancing its law enforcement cooperation with Mexico to dismantle drug cartels and combat the fentanyl crisis. The U.S. government is urging Mexico to implement stricter controls over precursor chemicals used in fentanyl production. While some chemicals already have tight regulations, others are harder to control due to their legitimate uses in industries such as pharmaceuticals.
Political Landscape in Mexico and Impact on Mexico Tariffs
Mexico is governed by the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), a nationalist party, which has had a complex relationship with the U.S. The National Action Party (PAN), considered more pro-American, had previously waged war on drug cartels from 2000 to 2012. The political climate in Mexico has led to tensions regarding drug control and Mexico tariffs. Trump’s recent executive order alleges that the current Mexican government is offering safe harbor to cartels, a claim that has been rejected by Mexico’s president.
Economic Impact of Mexico Tariffs on Trade and Business
U.S. Dependence on Mexican Exports
Approximately 78% of all exports from Mexico are sent to the U.S., accounting for 37% of Mexico’s GDP. These Mexico tariffs will significantly impact trade flows and pricing, especially given the reliance on Mexico as a key trading partner.
Higher Prices, Inflation, and Business Closures
The Mexico tariffs are expected to drive prices higher, possibly at a faster rate than the actual costs incurred by businesses. Inflationary pressures may lead to higher interest rates, and the combination of rising costs and tightening consumer spending could push the economy into a potential recession. Many eCommerce businesses, especially those relying on low-cost imports from Mexico, may find their models untenable, leading to closures within 6-12 months. Major low-cost brands like Shein and Temu, which depend on cross-border shipments from Mexico, could be significantly impacted by these tariff changes.
Key Takeaways for Businesses Affected by Mexico Tariffs
Reevaluate Supply Chains: Companies should use the 30-day delay to reassess their supply chains and find ways to mitigate the effects of Mexico tariffs on their bottom line.
Monitor Political Developments: With ongoing geopolitical tensions and potential shifts in Mexican policy, staying updated on political changes can help businesses anticipate further disruptions.
Prepare for Higher Costs: Rising tariffs and inflation will likely lead to higher operational costs, making financial planning essential to absorb these impacts.
Explore Alternative Sourcing: Businesses may want to consider diversifying their sourcing strategies to minimize exposure to Mexico tariffs. Shifting production or shipping from other regions could provide some relief.
As the Mexico tariffs landscape evolves, businesses need to remain proactive and flexible, adjusting their strategies to navigate the impact of these tariffs and changing geopolitical dynamics.
